Types of Fasteners
A fastener is any device that mechanically joins two or more parts together. That single definition covers a huge family, from the bolts holding a bridge together to the screw in a door hinge. This guide explains the main types of fasteners and how to choose the right one.
What Is a Fastener?
A fastener creates a joint that can usually be removed without damaging the parts. Bolts, screws, nuts, washers, rivets and anchors are all fasteners. The two broad groups are threaded fasteners, which rely on a thread, and non-threaded fasteners such as rivets and pins.
Bolts
A bolt is a threaded fastener tightened with a nut. The bolt passes through a clearance hole, and the nut clamps the parts together. Hex bolts, carriage bolts, anchor bolts and U-bolts are common types. Bolts are the right choice for high-load and serviceable joints. See our bolts and U-bolts.
Screws
A screw is driven into the material itself and held by its threads, usually without a nut. Wood screws, machine screws and self-tapping screws are the most common. For a full breakdown, read our types of screws guide.
Nuts
A nut is the female counterpart to a bolt. It threads onto the bolt and, together with the bolt head, creates the clamping force. Hex nuts, lock nuts and wing nuts are common examples. See our nuts.
Washers
A washer sits under a bolt head or nut to spread the load, protect the surface and prevent loosening. Flat washers distribute force, while spring and lock washers resist vibration.
Rivets
A rivet is a permanent fastener: it is placed through a hole and the tail is deformed to lock it in place. Rivets are used where the joint will not be disassembled and where access is from one side only.
Anchors
Anchors fasten objects to concrete, brick or drywall. Wedge anchors, sleeve anchors and toggle bolts expand inside the base material to grip it. They are the standard way to fix heavy items to masonry.
Fastener Materials and Finishes
Carbon steel is strong and inexpensive and is usually zinc-plated. Stainless steel resists corrosion and is the choice for outdoor and marine use, with 304 for general use and 316 for saltwater. Hot-dip galvanizing adds heavy-duty corrosion protection for industrial environments.
How to Choose the Right Fastener
- What are you joining? Metal, wood, concrete or drywall.
- Will it be removed later? Choose a bolt and nut if yes; a rivet if no.
- What load must it carry? Match the size and grade to the load.
- Is it outdoors or wet? Choose stainless steel or galvanized.
- Can you reach both sides? If not, choose a screw or anchor.
FAQ
What are the main types of fasteners?
The main types are bolts, screws, nuts, washers, rivets and anchors. Bolts and screws are threaded; rivets and anchors are installed permanently or into a base material.
What is the difference between a bolt and a screw?
A bolt is tightened with a nut, while a screw is driven into the material and held by its threads. See our bolt vs screw guide.
Which fasteners are best for outdoor use?
Stainless steel or hot-dip galvanized fasteners resist corrosion best outdoors. Use 316 stainless for marine environments.
Fasteners for Every Job
SolidLink manufactures bolts, screws, nuts, U-bolts and other fasteners in carbon steel, stainless steel and galvanized finishes, in standard or custom sizes. Browse our fasteners category or contact us for a quote.
